Lewd; Lewdness

lud, lud'-nes (zimmah, mezimmah, nabhluth; poneros, rhadiourgema):

1. In the Old Testament:

There are three Hebrew words translated "lewd," "lewdness":

(1) Zimmah, meaning a "plan," a "purpose," so translated several times and then shading off into "evil plan"; translated also "heinous crime," "wicked purpose or device." It is the most frequent word for "lewdness": Ezek 16:27, "lewd way"; found in Judg 20:6; Ezek 16:27; Ezek 16:43; Ezek 16:58; Ezek 22:9; Ezek 22:11; Ezek 23:21; Ezek 23:27; Ezek 23:29; Ezek 23:35; Ezek 23:44-48; Ezek 23:49; Ezek 24:13; Hos 6:9.

(2) Mezimmah means a "plan," generally "(evil) machination"; used only in Jer 11:15, "lewdness."

(3) Nabhluth, meaning "disgrace" in reference to females. Found only in Hos 2:10; the American Revised Version margin "shame."

2. In the New Testament:

The word translated "lewd," "lewdness" in the King James Version occurs only twice in the New Testament, and in each instance is more correctly translated in the Revised Version (British and American) by another word:

(1) Poneros, found in Acts 17:5, translated in the American Standard Revised Version "vile." The Greek word elsewhere is translated "bad," "evil," "grievous," "harmful," "malicious," "wicked." the King James Version "lewd" gives the wrong impression. The idea of unchastity is not present in the text or context.

(2) Rhadiourgema likewise occurs only once, namely, Acts 18:14, and is correctly translated in the Revised Version (British and American) and the American Standard Revised Version "wicked villany." The thought of impurity or lewdness is foreign to the meaning in this connection.

William Edward Raffety